171 research outputs found
An Overview of 9/11 Experiences and Respiratory and Mental Health Conditions among World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/61276/1/farfel m, digrande l, brackbill r, galea s, overview of 9-11 experiences and respiratory and mental haelth conditions.pd
Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019
Background The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Findings In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of −0.34 from 1990 to 2019. The incident cases increased across six IMIDs, the ASR of rheumatoid arthritis increased (0.21, 95% CI 0.18, 0.25), while the ASR of asthma (AAPC = −0.41), inflammatory bowel disease (AAPC = −0.72), multiple sclerosis (AAPC = −0.26), psoriasis (AAPC = −0.77), and atopic dermatitis (AAPC = −0.15) decreased. The ASR of overall and six individual IMID increased with SDI at regional and global level. Countries with higher ASR in 1990 experienced a more rapid decrease in ASR. Interpretation The incidence patterns of IMIDs varied considerably across the world. Innovative prevention and integrative management strategy are urgently needed to mitigate the increasing ASR of rheumatoid arthritis and upsurging new cases of other five IMIDs, respectively. Funding The Global Burden of Disease Study is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The project funded by Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (2022QN38)
Polyvinyl alcohol/sulfated alginate nanofibers induced the neuronal differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells
Scaffolds that are used for neural tissue engineering are fabricated to mimic the extracellular matrix. In this paper, we have fabricated polyvinyl alcohol/sulfated alginate (PVA/SA) nanofibers with different concentrations (10, 20 and 30 wt) of sulfated alginate by electrospinning technique. The average fibers diameters of 169�488 nm were achieved by electrospinning of polymers blend (PVA/SA). The results of the MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy showed that PVA/sulfated alginate nanofibrous scaffold with 30 wt SA provided more desirable surface attachment of C6, Schwann cells (SCs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry for MAP-2 marker were conducted to confirm the neural-differentiation of hBMSCs. The expression of MAP-2 confirmed neural differentiation for up to 14 days. Our results showed that PVA/SA nanofibrous scaffold with 30 wt SA is a suitable substrate for mesenchymal stem cells growth and is capable of inducing neuronal differentiation. © 2019 Elsevier B.V
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Two-channel constrained least squares problems: solutions using power methods and connections with canonical coordinates
The problem of two-channel constrained least squares (CLS) filtering under various sets of constraints is considered, and a general set of solutions is derived. For each set of constraints, the solution is determined by a coupled (asymmetric) generalized eigenvalue problem. This eigenvalue problem establishes a connection between two-channel CLS filtering and transform methods for resolving channel measurements into canonical or half-canonical coordinates. Based on this connection, a unified framework for reduced-rank Wiener filtering is presented. Then, various representations of reduced-rank Wiener filters in canonical and half-canonical coordinates are introduced. An alternating power method is proposed to recursively compute the canonical coordinate and half canonical coordinate mappings. A deflation process is introduced to extract the mappings associated with the dominant coordinates. The correctness of the alternating power method is demonstrated on a synthesized data set, and conclusions are drawn
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